(一)名詞單復(fù)數(shù)
1.一般情況,直接加-s,如:book-books,bag-bags,cat-cats,bed-beds
2.以s.x.sh.ch結(jié)尾,加-es,如:bus-buses,box-boxes,brush-brushes,watch-watches
3.以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾,變y為i,再加-es,如:family-families,strawberry-strawberries
4.以“f或fe”結(jié)尾,變f或fe為v,再加-es,如:knife-knives
5.不規(guī)則名詞復(fù)數(shù):
man-men,woman-women,
policeman-policemen,
policewoman-policewomen,
mouse-mice,
child-children,
foot-feet,
tooth-teeth,
fish-fish,
people-people,
Chinese-Chinese,
Japanese-Japanese
6.不可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)就是原型:paper,juice,water,milk,rice,tea
(二)名詞的格
1、有生命的東西的名詞所有格:
a)單數(shù)后加’s如:Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirt
b)以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加’如:his friends’bags
c)不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)后加’s children’s shoes
并列名詞中,如果把’s加在最后一個(gè)名詞后,表示共有,如:Tom and Mike’s car湯姆和邁克共有的小汽車
要表示所有物不是共有的,應(yīng)分別在并列名詞后加’s
Tom’s and Mike’s cars湯姆和麥克各自的小汽車
2、表示無(wú)生命東西的名詞通常用“of+名詞”來(lái)表示所有關(guān)系:如:a picture of the classroom a map of China